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phosphorus will be required to prevent contamination of catalysts for exhaust after-
treatment.
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To develop engines that can run on alternative liquid or gaseous fuels, lubricious
coatings or fuel additives will be needed to compensate for the lower lubricity of the
alternative fuels.
·
To encourage significant dieselization of Class 1 and 2 trucks (pickups, SUVs), thereby
achieving at least 35% fuel efficiency improvement over gasoline-fueled engines, while at
the same time meeting emission requirements, new coatings, lubricants, or designs will be
needed to minimize friction losses at part loads.