8
·
Engine OEMs want (a) fuel-efficient engines, (b) durable engines (one million
miles to engine overhaul), (c) cost-effective engines (low installed and
maintenance costs).
miles to engine overhaul), (c) cost-effective engines (low installed and
maintenance costs).
·
Truck OEMs want vehicles that are (a) stylish, fuel efficient, and quiet
(b) durable (vehicle life > 1,250,000 miles), and (c) cost-effective.
(b) durable (vehicle life > 1,250,000 miles), and (c) cost-effective.
In general, there is a need to package more cooling in a smaller space without increasing
the cost. This requires new technologies. The time, then, is right for new technology. If new
technologies are not rapidly developed and implemented, and industry is thus forced to apply
state-of the-art technology to accommodate the demand for increased cooling,
technologies are not rapidly developed and implemented, and industry is thus forced to apply
state-of the-art technology to accommodate the demand for increased cooling,
·
Aerodynamic styling may be comprised.
·
Fuel economy may not improve.
·
Cooling fan noise may increase.
·
Higher horsepower may not be available.
·
Visibility may suffer.
·
Engine performance, cost-effectiveness, and/or durability may be
compromised.
compromised.
·
Vehicle appearance may suffer, and costs of operation and maintenance may
increase.
increase.
2.3 EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS
Heat-Transfer Fluids. There is a need for improved coolants with longer lives, improved
heat-transfer characteristics, environmental friendliness, and lower disposal costs. In addition to
absorbing and transferring heat, a heat-transfer fluid (coolant and/or engine oil) may also control
friction and wear, transfer force, scavenge contaminants, and prevent corrosion. Many physical
and chemical properties bear on these functions, and the relative importance of these properties
depends on the specific hardware and application. Development of a fluid to meet a particular set
of specifications, and the qualification of that fluid, can be a long and expensive process.
Nevertheless, several unexplored possibilities for improving a fluid's heat transfer characteristics
should be considered.
absorbing and transferring heat, a heat-transfer fluid (coolant and/or engine oil) may also control
friction and wear, transfer force, scavenge contaminants, and prevent corrosion. Many physical
and chemical properties bear on these functions, and the relative importance of these properties
depends on the specific hardware and application. Development of a fluid to meet a particular set
of specifications, and the qualification of that fluid, can be a long and expensive process.
Nevertheless, several unexplored possibilities for improving a fluid's heat transfer characteristics
should be considered.